fa تاثیر بکارگیری برنامه طراحی شده مبتنی بر "نظریه انتظار" توسط سرپرستاران بر رضایت شغلی پرستاران مدیریت پرستاری nursing management & administration كاربردي Applicable <font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt text-align: justify line-height: 125% text-indent: 11.35pt unicode-bidi: embed direction: rtl" dir="rtl"><b><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 125% font-family:">مقدمه</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height: 125% font-family:">: یکی از چالش</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height: 125% font-family:" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height: 125% font-family:">های </span><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 125% font-family:">مدیریت </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height: 125% font-family:">پرستاری، انگیزش و رضایت شغلی پرستاران است. بکارگیری نظریه های انگیزشی </span><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 125% font-family:">توسط مدیران پرستاری می تواند راهکار موثری باشد. این مطالعه با هدف تعیین </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height: 125% font-family:">تاثیر بکارگیری برنامه طراحی شده مبتنی بر "نظریه انتظار" توسط سرپرستاران بر رضایت شغلی پرستاران </span><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 125% font-family:">انجام شد. </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height: 125% font-family:"><o:p /></span></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font><p class="MsoCommentText" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt text-align: justify line-height: 125% text-indent: 11.35pt unicode-bidi: embed direction: rtl" dir="rtl"><b><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 125% font-family:">مواد و روش ها:</span></b><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 125% font-family:"> پژوهش حاضر از نوع نیمه تجربی است که در دو گروه مداخله و کنترل </span><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 125% font-family:">در دو بیمارستان آموزشی استان زنجان</span><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 125% font-family:"> به اجرا در آمد</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family:" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span>.</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 125% font-family:"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> داده ها از طریق "پرسشنامه رضایت شغلی پرستاران"</span><span style="line-height: 125% font-family:" dir="ltr">Nurses'<font face="Times New Roman"><font size="3"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>Job Satisfaction Questionnaire</font></font></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 125% font-family:"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>"<font size="3"><font face="B Mitra"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>گرد آوری شد</font></font></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="line-height: 125% font-family:" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span>.</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 125% font-family:"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> در این مطالعه پایایی درونی پرسشنامه اندازه گیری شد (9/0=</span><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 125% font-family:">α</span><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 125% font-family:">). روش نمونه گیری تمام شماری بود و پرستاران گروه مداخله 20 نفر و گروه کنترل 19 نفر بودند. پرستاران در هر دو گروه دارای ویژگی های مشابه بودند. مداخله شامل برنامه طراحی شده مبتنی بر </span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="line-height: 125% font-family:" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span>"</span><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 125% font-family:">نظریه انتظار</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="line-height: 125% font-family:" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span>"</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 125% font-family:"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> بود که به مدت 6 ماه اجرا شد</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="line-height: 125% font-family:" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span>.</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 125% font-family:"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> داده ها با استفاده از برنامه </span><span lang="EN-CA" style="line-height: 125% font-family:" dir="ltr">SPSS</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="EN-CA" style="line-height: 125% font-family:"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> </span><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 125% font-family:">نسخه 16 و آزمون های ویلکاکسون و من ویتنی تجزیه و تحلیل شدند.<o:p /></span></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font><p class="MsoCommentText" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt text-align: justify line-height: 125% text-indent: 11.35pt unicode-bidi: embed direction: rtl" dir="rtl"><b><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 125% font-family:">یافته ها:</span></b><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 125% font-family:"> پرستاران در دو گروه از نظر ویژگی های فردی با یگدیگر همسان بودند (05/0</span><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family:" dir="ltr">P></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 125% font-family:"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>). آزمون ویلکاکسون تفاوت معنی داری از نظر رضایت شغلی قبل و بعد از مداخله در دو گروه نشان نداد (05/0</span><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family:" dir="ltr">P></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 125% font-family:"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>). اما رضایت شغلی پرستاران گروه مداخله نسبت به گروه کنترل <font size="3"><font face="B Mitra"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>7 درصد افزایش یافت.</font></font><b> <o:p /></b></span></p><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman"> <span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 115% font-family:"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span></font><b><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 115% font-family:" dir="rtl">نتیجه گیری: </span></b><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 115% font-family:" dir="rtl">برنامه طراحی شده مبتنی بر "نظریه انگیزشی انتظار" دارای گام های اجرائی بسیار روشن برای بکارگیری این نظریه است که می تواند راهنمای عملی برای مدیران پرستاری باشد. استفاده از آن برای بهبود رضایت پرستاران پیشنهاد می شود. </span></font> <font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt text-align: justify line-height: 125% text-indent: 11.35pt tab-stops: 22.5pt"><b><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra"">Introduction: </span></b><span class="hps"><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra"">One of the nursing challenges is nurses' motivation and job satisfaction. Applying motivational theories by nurse managers might be an effective strategy. </span></span><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra"">The aim of this study was to determine the </span><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"">effect of using designed program based on “Expectancy Theory” by head nurses on nurses' job satisfaction.</span><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 12pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-language: FA mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"" dir="rtl"><o:p /></span></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt text-align: justify line-height: 125% text-indent: 11.35pt"><b><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra"">Materials <font face="Times New Roman"><font size="3"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>and Methods</font></font></span></b><b><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra"">:</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman""> This study was a quasi-experimental study that was done in two hospitals in Zanjan providence</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><b><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 12pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-language: FA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>.</span></b><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra""><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> Data were gathered by</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 12pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-language: FA mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> </span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman""><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span>"</span><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"">Nurses' Job Satisfaction Questionnaire"</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 12pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-language: FA mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>.</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman""><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"">In this study, internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha) </span><span style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-ansi-language: EN-US">of the questionnaire </span><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"">was measured (</span><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"" dir="rtl">α</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman""><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span>=0.9). </span><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra"">Method of sampling was census </span><span style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-ansi-language: EN-US">and </span><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra"">nurses were selected<font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>in the case group(n=20) and</font></font></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 12pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> </span><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra"">nurses in the control group (n 19). They</span><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman""> were matched in two groups.</span><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra""> </span><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"">The applied program was based on “Expectancy Theory” that implemented in case group for 6 months. </span><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra"">Data were analysed by Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon </span><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"">Chi-Square and SPSS/16 used</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 12pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>.</span><b><span lang="FA" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 12pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-language: FA" dir="rtl"><o:p /></span></b></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt text-align: justify line-height: 125% text-indent: 11.35pt tab-stops: 22.5pt"><b><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra"">Findings</span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra"">: The nurses in two groups were matched (P>0.05). Job satisfaction before and after in two groups did not different significantly, it showed by using Wilcoxon test (P>0.05). But findings showed that nurses' job satisfaction in case group increased 7%. </span><span style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p /></span></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt text-align: justify line-height: 125% text-indent: 11.35pt tab-stops: 22.5pt"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra""><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span><b><span lang="EN-AU">Conclusion</span></b></span><b><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-language: FA mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra"">:</span></b></font></font><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><b><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 12pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-bidi-language: FA" dir="rtl"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> </span></b><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"">The program based on “Expectancy </span><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra"">Motivational </span><span lang="EN-AU" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "Times New Roman","serif" font-size: 12pt mso-bidi-font-family: "B Mitra" mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"">Theory” had clearly implementation steps for applying this theory that it would be practical guide for nurse managers. Use of this theory for improving nurses' job satisfaction is suggested.</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="line-height: 125% font-family: "B Mitra" font-size: 12pt mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman" mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"" dir="rtl"><o:p /></span></p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3"> </font> انگیزش شغلی، نظریه انتظار، رضایت شغلی، پرستار Expectancy Theory, Job satisfaction, Motivation, Nurse 24 35 http://jhpm.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-246-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 A Mohammadi افسانه محمدی 10031947532846001835 10031947532846001835 No دانشکده علوم پزشکی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران Z Vanaki زهره ونکی vanaki_z@modares.ac.ir 10031947532846001836 10031947532846001836 Yes گروه پرستاری، دانشکده علوم پزشکی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران R Memariam ربابه معماریان 10031947532846001837 10031947532846001837 No گروه پرستاری، دانشکده علوم پزشکی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران A Mohammadi اشرف محمدی 10031947532846001838 10031947532846001838 No سوپر وایزرکنترل عفونت، بیمارستان آموزشی امدادی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی زنجان، زنجان، ایران.